"Early History of Chouteau Township"
June 1981
Patricia Polley, Speaker

The Indians were the earliest inhabitants of Chouteau Township which lies wholly in
the American Bottom and was once covered with heavy timbers of oak, elm, walnut,
hickory, ash, etc.  The French made settlements on Chouteau Island about 1750.  Here
the French raised horses of Arabian Breed brought to this country by the Spaniards.  
They shipped them in flat boats and marketed them down the river in New Orleans.  They
also planted apple and pear orchards.  The first great flood ever recorded was in 1770,
and these settlements were probably destroyed at that time.

Mr. Amos Atkins, who was born on the island in 1821, remembers that as a mere boy the
orchard planted by the French had trees at least a food and a half in diameter.

Many years ago the island was known as Big Island but was later called Chouteau
after Pierre Chouteau.  It is from this island that the Township received its name.

The honor of the first white settlement in Madison County belongs unquestionably to
Chouteau Township.  It was made by the James Gillhams about 1800.  Gillham and his
family settled at the head of Long Lake.  This settlement was later known as the old
Hackethal farm.  Today, much of this land has been used for Highways 203 and 270.

Charles Dejailais, a Frenchman, operated a ferry at the head of Chouteau Island,
in section 17 making trips to the island as well as the west bank of the Mississippi.  
This land was subsequently owned by Samuel Gillham.

From some of the early recollections of Samuel Gillham we learn that in 1811 the Indians
manifested a war-like spirit, giving evidence to the settlers that it would be wise to
prepare for an emergency in case of any hostile acts by the Indians.  They had already
murdered one and wounded another near Hunters Spring, now within the city of Alton.  
This act threw the people into a fever of excitement, and they gathered together and
erected a block house, situated in section 1, now incorporated as part of South Roxana.  
It was understood by all the families that in case of any signs of Indian hostility they
were to flee to the fort for protection.  This building was later utilized as a school house
beginning in 1813 and taught by Vaitch Clark.

The first marriage issued under the authority of Madison County was to James Gillham
and Polly Good in 1809 who settled in section 1 and on whose property undoubtedly
this fort was erected.

Justices of the Peace, at an early day in Chouteau, were unknown because the township
was sparsely settled.  Those in the south, having any business before a magistrate, would
take their cases before Samuel Squires, in Nameoki.  Those in the Gillham settlement
would go to Alton, and those in the northeast to Edwardsville.

"Old Madison" was a hamlet established in this township about 1830 by
Nathaniel Buckmaster and John Montgomery and situated in section 17.
Serious inroads have been made in sections 11, 12 and 17.  A good part of these
sections now lie wholly within the river.  In its glory it contained a store, blacksmith and
wagon shop, one saloon and a post office established in 1839 with Moses Job as
postmaster.  At the time a stage line extended from Galena to St. Louis, and Old Madison
was situated on the route.  "Old Madison" was washed away by the flood of 1865 and is no
more.  The first mill in the township was built by a man named Dare, about 1819 or 1820
and located in section 32.  A small distillery was connected with it.

Salem, another hamlet is located in the northeast corner of section 1.  It received its
name from the Old Salem Church, which is situated just across the line in Wood River
Township.  The place was subsequently named Gillham.  In 1874 J.K. Fahnestock opened a
store there and the following year a post office established and called Wanda.

Bush Corner is located in section 16 and in 1882 contained two grocery stores, one
owned by Mr.s. H. Marsha and the other by  Henry Oldenburg.

Mitchell Station was laid out by the C & A Railway Company and is situated in the
northeast quarter of section 33 and the northwest quarter of section 34.  In the late
1800's the town contained two general stores, one of which was owned by the firm
of Hinze and Krueger and the other by Henry Teinamman.  Henry Quinn owned a
blacksmith shop and also a grocery store.  A. Rapp had a meat market and
the physician was Dr. D. E. Smalley, postmaster was Robert Krueger.

Voters of Madison County adopted township organization at the November election
of 1875.  The districting of the county under the new order named 24 townships in the
county.

The first Chouteau meeting was called for April 4, 1876 for election of officers to serve
the township.  Those elected were Amos Atkins, Supervisor - 99 votes,
R. R. Stanley, Clerk -122 votes, William Reddish, Assessor - 129 votes, J. W. Wallace,
Collector - 126 votes and W. P. Gillham, Commissioner of Highways - 126 votes.
M.D. Moore and Charles Hess were chosen School Trustees with 87 votes each.
At this meeting Mr. O. Pettingill offered the resolution which was adopted
that there be a tax of eight cents on each one hundred dollars of real estate and personal
property liable to taxation.  Four cents of this was for paupers and the
other four cents for contingent expenses.

After Amos Atkins, Supervisors serving Chouteau are:

L.O. Gillham - elected in 1884 and served a term of one year
Conrad Roth - elected April 1885 and served three years
Frank Troeckler - elected April 1888 and served a term of fourteen years
Lemuel Southard - elected in 1902 and served a term of two years
Charles W. Smith - elected in 1904 and served a term of twelve years
Charles Lexow - elected in 1914 and served a term of twelve years
Frank Ryan - elected in 1926 and served until he died in June 1939
Mrs. Nettie Ryan was appointed June 22, 1939 and served until April 1941
Mr. Raymond Poag Smith - elected April 1, 1941 and served until
he resigned April 1942
Mr. Joseph Troeckler was appointed May 14, 1942 and served until he died
March 30, 1967
Walter "Dick" Sparks was appointed at that time and served to the date of this
publication.
Among the elected officials who have served Chouteau Township are:
D. A. Pettingill
M. D. Moore
M. Troeckler
J. W. Rapp
A.F. Sloper
B. Minerling
S. Southard, Jr.
George Voight
Emil Rammer
John Holderread
L. H. Leeds
George F. Kennedy
Albert Paul
Francis Ford
Edward Bender
Henry Atkins
George Kinder
Ben W. Eberhart
Albert Paul, Jr.
George Warnecke
Gottlieb Buehrer
George J. Schillinger
George G. Link
Louis Ahrens
Frank Handfelder
O. Pettingill
D. E. Smalley
J. Soechtig, Jr.
M. J. McGuire
G. W. Stanley
Martin Nagle
M. S. Dillman
H. H. Engleman
J. Braden
Henry Wassman
J. Huebner
Curtis Summers
Jessie Williams
Louis Tribout
Paul Potter
C. W. Smith
Edward Jansen
Chris Kunnemann
A. J. Poag
Gottlieb Willaredt
Herman Bender
Phillip German
John Hommert
Joseph Drexelius
R. A. Roseberry
I. E.  Boosky
H. D. Squire
E. R. Neece
A. M . Sparks
George Hoehn
J. J. Hackethal
John O'Neil
W. E. Ayers
Frank Schubert
Ralph Williams
Chouteau Township today is a prosperous area with approximately ten thousand residents.  The new building
we are dedicating today marks another milestone in the history of Chouteau Township.
Research for this history by Pat Polley, Town Clerk